Maaliki Scholars In Defence of Ibn Taymiyyah & His Fatawa

Maaliki scholars in defence of Ibn Taymiyyah and his fatawa
a) Two Maaliki judges Shams ud din al-Tanoosi al Maaliki and Noor ud din al-Zawawi defended Ibn Taymiyyah
Ibn Kathir said:

فركب خيل البريد ليلة الثامن عشر من شوال ثم أرسلوا خلفه من الغد بريدا آخر فردوه وحضر عند قاضي القضاة ابن جماعة وعنده جماعة من الفقهاء.
فقال له بعضهم: إن الدولة ما ترضى إلا بالحبس، فقال القاضي: وفيه مصلحة له واستناب شمس الدين التونسي المالكي وأذن له أن يحكم عليه بالحبس فامتنع وقال: ما ثبت عليه شيء، فأذن لنور الدين الزواوي المالكي فتحير، فلما رأى الشيخ توقفهم في حبسه قال: أنا أمضي إلى الحبس وأتبع ما تقتضيه المصلحة، فقال نور الدين الزواوي: يكون في موضع يصلح لمثله فقيل له الدولة ما ترضى إلا بمسمى الحبس.
فأرسل إلى حبس القضاة في المكان الذي كان فيه تقي الدين ابن بنت الأعز حين سجن، وأذن له أن يكون عنده من يخدمه، وكان ذلك كله بإشارة نصر المنبجي لوجاهته في الدولة، فإنه كان قد استحوذ على عقل الجاشنكير الذي تسلطن فيما بعد، وغيره من الدولة، والسلطان مقهور معه، واستمر الشيخ في الحبس يستفتي ويقصده الناس ويزورونه. وتأتيه الفتاوى المشكلة التي لا يستطيعها الفقهاء من الأمراء وأعيان الناس، فيكتب عليها بما يحير العقول من الكتاب والسنة.

Shaykh (Ibn Taymiyyah) was brought to Cheif justice (Badr uddin) Ibn Jama and there were a group of jurists. Some of them said the state is satisfied only with your imprisonment. The Judge (Ibn Jama) said there is good for you in it and he made Shams ud din Tanoosi al Malaki his deputy and ordered him to give verdicts of jail for Ibn Taymiyyah. He rejected and said nothing is proven against him (Ibn Taymiyyah). Then Qadhi authorized Noor Uddin al-Zawawi al Maaliki (to give verdicts) who became confused. When shaykh (Ibn Taymiyyah) saw they will not stop then he said: I will go to jail and follow the requirements of interests. Noor ud din al Zawawi Maaliki said you should be in the place which suits you. But it was said to him the state will only satisfied with the jail. So Ibn Taymiyyah was sent to Jail… All of this occurred because of Nasr al-Manbaji who had good relations with the state. He captured the mind of Jahangir who became the Sultan. He also captured the minds of some other people of power. The sultan was in control of him. The shaykh remained in Jail, he used to give fatawa, people used to visit him and ask him problematic questions which other jurists and the leaders were unable to answer. He would answer those questions from Quran and Sunnah which will make the minds surprised [Al Bidaya wal Nihaya 14/62]
b) Muhammad bin Abdul Rahman Baghdadi al Maaliki (701 h to 767 h) from Madrassah ash-Shareefah al Musta suriyah stated in defense of traveling to visit the graves:

ما أجاب به الشيخ الأجل الأوحد بقية السلف وقدوة الخلف رئيس المحققين وخلاصة المدققين تقي الملة والحق والدين
من الخلاف في هذه المسألة صحيح منقول في غير ما كتاب من كتب أهل العلم لا اعتراض عليه في ذلك إذ ليس في ذلك ثلب لرسول الله ولا غض من قدره
وقد نص الشيخ أبو محمد الجويني في كتبه على تحريم السفر لزيارة القبور وهذا اختيار القاضي الإمام عياض بن موسى بن عياض في إكماله وهو من أفضل المتأخرين من أصحابنا
ومن المدونة ومن قال على المشي إلى المدينة أو بين المقدس فلا يأتيهما أصلا إلا أن يريد الصلاة في مسجديهما فليأتهما
فلم يجعل نذر زيارة قبره طاعة يجب الوفاء بها إذ من أصلنا أن من نذر طاعة لزمه الوفاء بها كان من جنسها ما هو واجب بالشرع كما هو مذهب أبي حنيفة أو لم يكن
قال القاضي أبو اسحق اسمعيل بن اسحق عقيب هذه المسألة ولولا الصلاة فيهما لما لزمه إتيانهما ولو كان نذر زيارة طاعة لما لزمه ذلك
وقد ذكر ذلك القيرواني في تقريبه والشيخ ابن سيرين في تنبيهه وفي المبسوط قال مالك ومن نذر المشي إلى مسجد من المساجد ليصلي فيه قال فإني أكره ذلك له لقوله لاتعمل المطي إلا إلى ثلاثة مساجد المسجد الحرام ومسجد بيت المقدس ومسجدي هذا وروى محمد بن المواز في الموازية إلا أن يكون قريبا فيلزمه الوفاء لأنه ليس بشد رحل
وقد قال الشيخ أبو عمر بن عبد البر في كتابه التمهيد يحرم على المسلمين أن يتخذوا قبور الأنبياء والصالحين مساجد
وحيث تقرر هذا فلا يجوز أن ينسب من أجاب في هذه المسألة بأنه سفر منهي عنه إلى الكفر فمن كفره بذلك من غير موجب فإن كان مستبيحا ذلك فهو كافر وإلا فهو فاسق
قال الإمام أبو عبد الله محمد بن علي المازري في كتاب المعلم من كفر أحدا من أهل القبلة فإن كان مستبيحا ذلك فقد كفر وإلا فهو فاسق يجب على الحاكم إذا رفع أمره إليه أن يؤدبه ويعزره بما يكون رادعا لأمثاله فإن ترك مع القدرة عليه فهو آثم والله تعالى أعلم أه

He quoted Abu Muhammad Juwaini and Qaadi Iyaad regarding the prohibition of traveling to visit the graves. He also quoted Qadhi Ismaeel bin Ishaq Maliki (d 282 h), Imam Maalik, Muhammad bin al Mawaz, Ibn Abdul Barr, al Maazari, Shaykh Ibn Sireen, al Madawana in favor of Ibn Taymiyyah [, Al uqood ad-Durriyah 1/45, al Kawakib ad-Durruiyah 163-165]
This Maaliki scholar was pious and well versed as said by Muhammad Makhloof and Abu Al-Abbaas Al-Hilaali Al-Filaali who wrote his biography.
Muhammad Makhloof wrote a short biography on him in his book Shajarat An-Noor Az-Zakiyyah fi Tabaqaat Al-Maalikiyyah, He wrote,

“The polymath, well-versed, and ingenious scholar, the one who raised the banner of the Maaliki school in Iraq; he was a devout worshipper and one of the refined ascetic scholars. He studied at the hands of his father and other scholars. He authored many books, among them a commentary on Al-Irshaad written by his father, Sharh Mukhtasar Ibn Al-Haajib Al-Asli and Al-Fari; he also wrote a lengthy Tafseer and a commentary on Ilm Al-Khilaaf (science of legal differences among jurists) and other books in different areas of knowledge. He was born in 701 AH and passed away in 767 AH.”
see his biography on Islam web Fatwa No : 290407

Posted on our facebook page by brother Asim ul-Haq

Blind Following one of The Four Madhabs

Imaam Abu Haneefah

He said: “It is not permissible for anyone to follow what we say if they do not know where we got it from.”

According to another report he said: “It is haraam for the one who does not know my evidence to issue a fatwa based on my words.”

and he said: “woe be to you Ya’qoob. Do not write down everything you hear from me, for surely I may hold an opinion today and leave it tomorrow, hold another tomorrow and leave it the day after”

And he said: “If I say something that goes against the Book of Allaah or the report of the Messenger (صلى الله عليه وسلم), then ignore what I say.”

And he said: “”Adhere to the athaar and the way of the salaf and beware of newly invented matters, for all of it is an innovation.”

He also said: “if a hadeeth is found to be authentic, that is my madhab”

Now, the opposers to the dawah salafiyyah, the dawah of ahl as-sunnah, claim that these statements were only for “Abu Haneefah’s students” which is an absurd saying! As what will the students do with such saying if not act according to them and teach this to their followers!?

Imaam Malik

He said: “I am only human, sometimes I make mistakes and sometimes I get things right. Look at my opinion and whatever is in accordance with the Qur’aan and Sunnah, take it, and whatever is not in accordance with the Qur’aan and Sunnah, ignore it.”

And he said: “There is no one after the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم) whose words cannot be taken or left, apart from the Prophet (صلى الله عليه وسلم).”

Imaam al-Shafi’ee

He said: “There is no one who will not be unaware of some of the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allaah (صلى الله عليه وسلم). Whatever I say or whatever guidelines I establish, if there is a report from the Messenger of Allaah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) which is different to what I said, then what matters is what the Messenger of Allaah (صلى الله عليه وسلم) said, and that is my opinion.”

according to al-Haakim, Imaam Shafi’ee said: “There is no one among us who has not had a sunnah of Allaah’s messenger (صلى الله عليه وسلم) elude him or have one slip his mind; so no matter what rulings I have made or fundamental principles I have proposed, there will be in them things contrary to the rulings of Allaah’s messenger (صلى الله عليه وسلم). Therefore, the correct ruling is according to what Allaah’s messenger (صلى الله عليه وسلم) said, and that is my ruling.”

He also said: “The Muslims (of my time) were of a unanimous opinion that one who comes across an authentic sunnah of Allaah’s messenger (صلى الله عليه وسلم) is not allowed to disregard it in favour of someone else’s opinion.”

al-Haakim also collected from Imaam ash-Shafi’ee a similar statement to that of Imaam Abu Haneefah, that being “If a hadeeth is found to be saheeh, it is my madhab.”

He also said: “If I say something then compare it to the Book of Allaah and the sunnah of His messenger (صلى الله عليه وسلم) and if it agrees with them, then accept it and that which goes against them, then reject it and throw my saying against the wall!”

Imaam an-Nawawi in Tahdheeb al-Asma wa’l-Lughaat mentioned under the biography of Imaam Shafi’ee: “…then he travelled to al-‘Iraaq where he spread the knowledge of hadeeth and he established the madhab of its people – that is the madhab of the Ahl al-Hadeeth.”

Imaam Ahmad said: “Do not follow me blindly and do not follow Maalik or al-Shafi’ee or al-Awzaa’i or ath-Thawri blindly. Learn from where they learned.”

And he said: “The opinion of al-Awzaa’i and the opinion of Maalik and the opinion of Abu Haneefah are all mere conjecture and it is all the same to me. Rather evidence is to be found in the reports – i.e., in the shar’i evidence.”

Ibn Abdul-Barr stated in Jaami’Bayaan al-‘ilm that, “There are no scholars from this ummah to whom a hadeeth of the Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه وسلم) was established and then they rejected it… If they had done so, their trustworthiness would have been in question, let alone them being taken as Imaams, since doing so (rejecting hadeeth) necessitates sinfulness.”

Shaykhul-Islaam Ibn Taymiyyah said: “No one has to blindly follow any particular man in all that he enjoins or forbids or recommends, apart from the Messenger of Allaah (صلى الله عليه وسلم). The Muslims should always refer their questions to the Muslim scholars, following this one sometimes and that one sometimes. If the follower decides to follow the view of an imam with regard to a particular matter which he thinks is better for his religious commitment or is more correct etc, that is permissible according to the majority of Muslim scholars, and neither Abu Haneefah, Maalik, al- Shafi’ee or Ahmad said that this was forbidden.”

Ibn al-Qayyim said: in his Qaeedah Nuniyyah:

“If you say “Allaah said, and His Messenger said”
the ignorant one will say “where is the saying of so and so?”

(adapted from the works of Shaykh Muhammad Salih al-Munajjid and also the book ‘Refutation of Zayd Shaakir’s ‘Introduction to Following a Madhab’‘)